London – Air Products

Industry Partner: Air Products plc

Operator partner: London Bus Services Ltd

Other stakeholders: Air Products GmbH (Linked Third Party), Tower Transit, Transport for London

 

– The study will consider the expansion of the FC bus fleet from this depot to 75 buses and ramp up of appropriate infrastructure with a delivered hydrogen supply. In particular, the study will use lessons learned from both existing H2 delivery methods to create an optimised, high availability refuelling solution for delivered H2 by evaluating delivery frequency, traffic patterns and available HRS footprint. CO2 emission reductions for liquid H2 will be assessed for WP4.

Industry Partner: Linde AG

Operator partner: Aberdeen City Council

Other stakeholders: INBUREX, Linde Gas Austria, Stagecoach, First Group

 

Refuelling of the existing 10 FC buses occurs at the Kittybrewster HRS (located at the fleet depot of the local authority, owned and operated by BOC) but in the future, local PT operators may like to install HRS at their own depots. The engineering study will (a) assess the challenges associated with locating a HRS within an operators existing depot and (b) consider multiple sources for H2 supply for new HRS deployments before focussing on the favoured pathway.

Industry Partner: ITM Power

Operator partner: Birmingham City Council

Other stakeholder: National Express

 

The study will look at opportunities for deploying a HRS in an existing NE bus depot and if required, outline the requirements for the construction of a new depot. On-site H2 production shall be the key focus with delivered options considered for backup supply. A number of technical challenges will be addressed during the study including electrolyser capacity vs on-site storage capacity, electrolyser pressure vs compressor throughput, grid balancing economic benefits and safety issues associated with large scale H2 production in urban environments.

Industry Partner: Hydrogenics GmbH

Operator partner: Wuppertaler Stadtwerke GmbH

Other stakeholder: Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Network NRW

 

The purpose of the study will be to develop a strategy for the integration of fuel cell
buses in two different scenarios.

The first scenario is the first rollout with around 30 buses and a PEM water
electrolyser system (c.700 kg/day) with up to three days’ storage (1,2 tons) and a
combined hydrogen refuelling station close to the bus lane.

The second scenario aims to evaluate the feasibility for deploying a HRS at one of
the bus depots to provide the whole bus fleet with H2.

The objective is the fuel cell bus procurement with on-site hydrogen production,
storage and dispersion in collaboration with many WSW businesses (energy supply &
services, waste management, water production) in compliance with the applicable
safety, environmental friendly and cost-efficiency standards.

Operator partner: Rigas Satiksme

Other stakeholder: Institute of Physical Energy

 

– The engineering study will consist of two separate feasibility assessments for the deployment of a HRS, one located at an existing bus depot and the other at an existing trolleybus depot. H2 supply options will also be considered with key focus on SMR production from grid-sourced natural gas or biogas from Riga City landfill site. Water electrolysis will also be considered. An industrial partner shall be appointed following a formal tendering process.

Industry Partner: Vattenfall Innovation, SIEMENS AG

Operator partners: Hamburger Hochbahn AG

Other stakeholder: SEK Consulting

 

– The study aims to evaluate the feasibility of deploying a HRS with a PEM water electrolyser system (c.4,000kg/day) with up to three days’ storage (12 tonnes) at a new bus depot. Key considerations will include business process requirements (safety, security and health), cost-efficient reliability of supply, future proofing system design and technology selected and optimal refuelling conditions

Industry Partner: Air Products plc

Operator partner: Hamburger Hochbahn AG

Other stakeholder: Air Products GmbH

 

– The study aims to evaluate the feasibility of deploying a HRS to receive delivered H2 from a nearby Chlor-alkali plant. Key considerations will include evaluation of 200 bar vs 400 bar delivery, delivery frequency and assessment of implications on distribution from bus traffic patterns and the available HRS footprint. Furthermore, challenges for storing >5 tonnes of H2 on-site within an urban environment will need to be assessed. Experience gained from the distribution network developed by Air Products will be highly beneficial to this study.

Industry Partner: McPhy Deutschland GmbH, H2Logic

Operator partner: ViP Potsdam

Other stakeholders: ENCON.Europe, TOTAL Deutschland GmbH

 

– To understand the challenges associated with a new FC bus deployment, the engineering study will evaluate deployment of a large HRS with on-site hydrogen production facilities via alkaline electrolysis at ViP’s bus depot. Key technical considerations include storage technologies (gaseous vs metal hydride), delivered H2 options to ensure availability expectations are met, electrolyser up-scaling. A business case comparing varying H2 demands and a complete system design layout will both be key outputs from the study. Ensuring the environmental and safety recommendations are adaptable for any depot is a key consideration.

Industry Partner: SIEMENS AG

Operator partner: Stuttgarter Strassenbahnen AG

Other stakeholder: E-mobil BW

 

– The goal of the Stuttgart engineering study will be to develop a concept for the supply of hydrogen to a large bus depot with a capacity up to 60 FC buses. Ensuring maximum availability with suitable redundancy will be the priority focus for on-site hydrogen production, storage and dispensing. Secondary aims will be to ensure personnel costs for FC bus refuelling/maintenance are equivalent to that for incumbent technologies, to optimise HRS design and layout for space restricted urban environments and to secure delivered H2 pathways.

Industry Partners: Ingenieurbüro Bergmeister, SIEMENS, Linde

Operator partners: IIT, STA (Linked Third Party)

Other stakeholders: Linde Gas Austria, SASA, Eco Center

 

– Bolzano plans to adopt a strategic plan for FC bus rollout over the next 15 years. An H2-Center operated by IIT already has the capacity to refuel 15-20 FC buses daily. The engineering study will evaluate the feasibility of (a) HRS deployment at the existing bus depot and (b) H2 production via electrolysis powered by a nearby waste incineration plant will be evaluated as a modular, ‘green’ H2 provision strategy. Finding solutions for pipeline distribution between production and dispensing sites , increasing reliability of overall supply system and satisfying local industrial safety regulations will receive special attention within the study.